The various useful fractions obtained by the refining of petroleum are. Amercian petroleum institute,basic petroeum data book, january 1983. The refinery cleans and separates the crude oil into many fuels and products. Handbook of petroleum product analysis, 2nd edition. Petroleum refining in nontechnical language, fourth edition. Handbook of petroleum refining processes, fourth edition. Petroleum products american association of petroleum. Purchase fundamentals of petroleum refining 1st edition. It is also important to recognize that petroleum refining not only produces transportation fuels and fuels for space heating or industrial furnaces but also produces materials needed for the operation of the combustion engines and paving the roads for vehicles to. This book aims to assist in the understanding of the issues associated with.
Chemistry, refining, fuels and petrochemicals petroleum. The largest petroleum product is used as energy carriers which include fuel, oil and gasoline. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article requires login. Prepared for pesa may 2015 pesa petroleum equipment. By nature, many refining applications are severe ser. A partial list of products made from petroleum 6000 items. Useful as a textbook, this is also an excellent, handy goto reference for the veteran engineer, a volume no chemical or process engineering library should be without. The petroleum refining industry converts crude oil into more than 2500.
They result from refining changing crude oil also called petroleum into more useful products. This book is an overview of the processes and operations concerned with refining of crude oil into products. Petroleum treating processes stabilize and upgrade petroleum products by. Petrochemicals feed stock like ethylene and propylene can also be produced directly by cracking crude oil without the need. Petroleum refining processes are the chemical engineering processes and other facilities used in petroleum refineries also referred to as oil refineries to transform crude oil into useful products such as liquefied petroleum gas lpg, gasoline or petrol, kerosene, jet fuel, diesel oil and fuel oils.
The handbook describes and discusses the key components and processes that make up the petroleum refining industry. Some of the processes employed in petroleum refining. Crude oil distillation is more complicated than product distillation, in part. Petroleum products are organic compounds made in oil refineries. Gaseous refinery products include hydrogen, fuel gas, ethane, propane, and butane. Introduces the reader to the production of the products in a refinery introduces the reader to the types of test methods applied to petroleum. Written by one of the worlds foremost authorities, this book sets the standard for the industry and. Petroleum product an overview sciencedirect topics. Crude oil at a glance refineries exist to convert crude oil into finished petroleum products. Air pollution engineering manual, second edition, ap40, u. Fundamentals of petroleum refining presents the fundamentals. Industry uses petroleum as a feedstock to make plastics and many other products. Petroleum refining processes download ebook pdf, epub. William lefflers petroleum refining in nontechnical language, fourth edition is designed to give the reader an overview of key refining topics by using relevant analogies, easytounderstand graphs, formulas, and illustrations.
Primary crude oil cuts in a typical refinery include gases, lightheavy naphtha. We then make a focus in each individual unit operation in the. Petroleum products have to be refined before using them for specific requirements as different constituents are necessary for different purposes. Handbook of petroleum product analysis wiley online books.
Petroleum gas,petrol,kerosene,diesel,lubricating oil,paraffin wax,bitumen various fraction of petroleum and their uses. This website uses cookies to improve your user experience. Fractionation distillation is the separation of crude oil in atmospheric and vacuum distillation towers into groups of hydrocarbon compounds of. Download petroleum refining processes ebook free in pdf and epub format.
Chemistry, refining, fuels and petrochemicals petroleum products james g. Oil is used to power our vehicles, to create medicines that keep us healthy, and to make the plastics, cosmetics, and other personal products that enhance our daily lives. Petroleum refining download ebook pdf, epub, tuebl, mobi. Gain a complete understanding of the latest petroleum refining process techniques. Pdf distillation of the light ends from crude oil in petroleum processing. Speight encyclopedia of life support systems eolss refinery gas c1 c4 161 1 259 31 liquefied petroleum gas c3 c4 42 1 44 31 naphtha c5 c17 36 302 97 575 gasoline c4 c12 1 216 31 421.
Petroleum refining design and applications handbook wiley. Introduction to refining the modern crude oil refinery is designed to convert basic raw crude oil into various useful products through a series of separation and chemical processes. Petroleum product simple english wikipedia, the free. Light distillates liquid petroleum gas lpg gasoline also known as petrol kerosene jet. Beginning with the basics of crude oils and their nature, it continues with the commercial products derived from refining and with related issues. Hence, to understand the fundamentals of petroleum refining, one must begin with crude oil. The text also provides a detailed introduction to refinery engineering topics, ranging from the basic principles and unit operations to overall refinery economics. This book complements the book handbook of petroleum analysisj. The fcc process uses a catalyst in the form of very fine particles that act as a. Pdf petroleum refining processes download ebook for free.
Fundamentals of petroleum refining provides a thorough and balanced introduction to refinery engineering topics, from basic concepts and unit operations to overall refinery economics, planning and. Fundamentals of petroleum refining 1st edition elsevier. Beginners in the engineering field, specifically in the oil and gas industry, may also find this book invaluable. The findings suggest that, given available resources and technology, there are opportunities to reduce energy consumption costeffectively in the petroleum refining industry while maintaining the quality of the products manufactured. Petroleum refining petroleum refining petroleum products and their uses.
In petroleum refining, vapors are reduced to liquids in condensers, and coolers are used to lower the temperature of liquid products to permit safe handling. There are three steps in the petroleum refining process separation, conversion. The streams coming from processing units are not finished products. World petroleum council guide petrochemicals and refining. Since distillation fractionation separates petroleum products into groups only by their boilingpoint ranges, impurities may remain. Water requirements of the petroleum refining industry. This is a list of products produced from petroleum. Join britannicas publishing partner program and our community of experts to gain a global audience for your work. Read online an introduction to petroleum refining and the production. Petroleum products result from chemical processes that change the molecular nature of selected portions of crude oil.
Other petroleum products are diesel fuel, heating oil, and jet fuel. The fuel can be blended to give gasoline, jet fuel, heating oil, diesel fuel and heavier fuel oils. Petroleum refinery activities start with receipt of. All books are in clear copy here, and all files are secure so dont worry about it. This site is like a library, use search box in the widget to get ebook that you want. The separation of petroleum into different fractions is done by fractional distillation. An oil refinery or petroleum refinery is an industrial process plant where crude oil is transformed and refined into more useful products such as petroleum naphtha, gasoline, diesel fuel, asphalt base, heating oil, kerosene, liquefied petroleum gas, jet fuel and fuel oils. Some of the best quality crude oils are found in northwestern pennsylvania, in the vicinity of bradford, and the term pennsylvania crude is used as a standard of quality for crude oils. Most of the hydrogen is consumed in refinery desulfurization facilities, which remove hydrogen sulfide from the gas stream and then separate that compound into elemental hydrogen and sulfur. Refining is a necessary step before oil can be burned as fuel or used to create end products vanek, f. Petroleum refining petroleum products and their uses. Click download or read online button to get petroleum refining book now. In general, the petrochemical industry uses raw materials from the petroleum industry to manufacture products such as plastic resins, synthetic fibers, synthetic rubbers, surface coating materials and various types of adhesives. The purposes of this association are to advance the science of geology.
The american association of petroleum geologists is an international organization with over 38,000 members in 100plus countries. Pdf petroleum products and a refinery configuration. Click download or read online button to get petroleum refining processes book now. This site is like a library, you could find million book here by using search box in the header. An overview of refinery products and processes fsc 432. Refined petroleum products are derived from crude oils through processes such as catalytic cracking and fractional distillation. However, none of these products would exist without the. Written by one of the worlds foremost authorities, this book sets the standard for the industry and is an integral part of the petroleum refining renaissance. Principal energyrelated uses of the products of petroleum refining. This authoritative resource will prove essential for anyone who needs. The main scope of the course is to create strong basis and fundamentals regarding the processes in the petroleum refining. This article discusses the various aspects of petroleum refining and oil products as a primary energy source and as a valuable feedstock for petrochemicals.
Petroleum and its products encyclopedia of life support. New to this edition is important information on the nature of crude oil and raw materials and a comprehensive. These include organic compounds containing sulfur, nitrogen, and. Petroleum refining and the prod uction of ulsg and ulsd october 24, 2011 page 3 3. Solvent treating is a widely used method of refining lubricating oils as well as a host of other refinery stocks. For example, the refinery process is used to produce gasoline, kerosene, light oils, lubricating oils, and gases. Read petroleum refining processes online, read in mobile or kindle. Petroleum refining or oil refining is an industrial process in which crude oil is extracted from the ground and transformed and refined into useful products like liquefied petroleum gas lpg, kerosene, asphalt base, jet fuel, gasoline, heating oil, fuel oils etc. Fundamentals of petroleum refining presents the fundamentals of thermodynamics and kinetics, and it explains the scientific background essential for understanding refinery operations.
Although the major use of petroleum is as a fuel, gasoline, jet fuel, heating oil. Oil refining and products request pdf researchgate. The refining operations presented here are those concerned with blending products in an optimum. Unfortunately, less than 5% of the worlds remaining petroleum reserves are of this quality. Water is the normal cooling medium used in these units. Refining endproducts the primary endproducts produced in petroleum refining may be grouped into four categories. By continuing to use the site, you are accepting our use of cookies. Refining operations petroleum refining processes and operations can be separated into five basic areas.